Waste Classification using EfficientNetB3-Based Deep Learning for Supporting Sustainable Waste Management
(1) Bina Sarana Informatika University, Jakarta
(2) Bina Sarana Informatika University, Jakarta
(3) Bina Sarana Informatika University, Jakarta
(4) Istanbul Gelisim University, Istanbul
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Waste management is a critical issue in sustainable development, particularly in large urban areas that generate a high volume of waste daily. One of the main challenges is the absence of a fast, accurate, and efficient waste sorting system. This study aims to develop a waste classification model using deep learning based on the EfficientNetB3 architecture to support more sustainable waste management. The model was trained on a dataset obtained from a Kaggle repository, consisting of 4,650 images evenly distributed across six waste categories: batteries, glass, metal, organic, paper, and plastic (775 images per class). The training and evaluation were conducted using a supervised image classification approach. The model achieved an overall accuracy of 93%, with average precision, recall, and F1-score values of 93%. Among all categories, organic waste achieved the highest F1-score (0.99), followed by paper (0.97) and batteries (0.97), while plastic and metal categories obtained F1-scores of 0.89. These results demonstrate that the EfficientNetB3 architecture is effective in performing multi-class waste classification. This model has the potential to be implemented in camera-based waste sorting systems such as smart bins or automated recycling units, thereby contributing to the reduction of unprocessed waste and supporting the achievement of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 12: responsible consumption and production
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.61944/bids.v4i1.108
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